- BVLOS refers to drone operations where the aircraft flies beyond the pilot’s direct visual range, relying on systems such as onboard cameras, sensors and communications.
- BVLOS operations are highly regulated by CASA and generally require additional training, approvals and operational requirements.
- Depending on the operation, an operator may need an ReOC and must obtain the appropriate CASA approval before conducting BVLOS flights.
- Most pilots build toward BVLOS by first completing an RePL, and an AROC where aviation radio is required for the operation.
- Completing BVLOS training does not itself authorise BVLOS flight. Approval is assessed against the specific proposed operation.
The drone industry in Australia is growing rapidly, with more businesses using drone technology to conduct specific tasks. BVLOS, or Beyond Visual Line of Sight, refers to drone operations where the aircraft flies beyond the pilot’s direct visual range. This type of operation presents additional safety risks and is tightly controlled by Australia’s Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA).
In this blog, we look at what BVLOS means, the requirements involved and how to seek approval for these advanced operations.
What is BVLOS and Why is it Transforming the Drone Industry?
Beyond Visual Line of Sight (BVLOS) is a category of drone operation in which the remote pilot cannot maintain direct visual contact with the aircraft. Instead, the operation may rely on systems such as onboard cameras, sensors and communications.
In Australia, BVLOS operations are highly regulated by CASA and generally require additional training, approvals and operational requirements beyond standard drone operations.
BVLOS can expand how drones are used across industries such as agriculture, mining, energy and construction. Longer-range operations can improve efficiency and reduce the need for people to access hazardous or difficult-to-reach locations.
Standard Operations vs BVLOS Operations
| Aspect | Standard visual line of sight operations | BVLOS operations |
|---|---|---|
| Pilot visibility of the aircraft | Direct visual contact maintained | Aircraft flown beyond the pilot’s direct visual range |
| Situational awareness | Primarily visual | May rely on onboard cameras, sensors and communications |
| Regulatory position | Conducted under standard operating conditions | Requires appropriate CASA approval before flight |
| Operator requirements | Licence and endorsements relevant to the aircraft | May require an ReOC, safety procedures, risk assessments and emergency plans |
CASA Requirements for Flying Beyond Visual Line of Sight
In Australia, BVLOS operations require specific consideration and approval because of the additional risks involved. Depending on the operation, an operator may need an ReOC and must obtain the appropriate CASA approval before conducting BVLOS flights.
Approval requires CASA to assess the proposed operation, including the risks and safety measures in place. Operators may need to demonstrate:
- Appropriate safety procedures.
- Documented risk assessments.
- Emergency response plans.
Depending on the proposed operation, additional requirements can include airspace coordination, detect-and-avoid systems and appropriate pilot training, knowledge or experience.
A Chief Remote Pilot may oversee BVLOS activities within an organisation operating under an ReOC. BVLOS approval is assessed based on the specific operation to ensure it can be conducted safely and in accordance with applicable requirements. Current guidance is published on the CASA drones website.
Step 1: Achieving Your Prerequisite RePL and AROC
The first step towards undertaking advanced drone operations is obtaining the relevant CASA qualifications and experience. Many professional drone pilots begin by completing a Remote Pilot Licence (RePL), where one is required for their intended operation.
An Aeronautical Radio Operator Certificate (AROC) may also be required where aviation radio communication is necessary for the operation.
These qualifications provide a strong foundation in safe and compliant drone operations, but holding an RePL or AROC alone does not authorise a pilot to conduct BVLOS operations.
Step 2: Passing the BVLOS OCTA Exam and Flight Training
Depending on the BVLOS operation and approval pathway, additional training and assessment may be required. This can include an OCTA assessment, which focuses on the knowledge and skills required for more advanced drone operations.
Training and assessment can cover areas such as:
- Flight planning for longer-range operations.
- Risk management and mitigation.
- Emergency procedures.
- Regulatory requirements.
Successfully completing the required training and assessment helps demonstrate that a pilot has the knowledge and practical skills needed for advanced operations. However, completing a BVLOS course or assessment does not itself provide CASA approval to conduct BVLOS flights.
Commercial Applications of BVLOS Certification in Australia
As drone use increases across Australian industries, BVLOS operations can allow organisations to conduct larger-scale and longer-distance tasks.
- Mining and energy: Inspecting infrastructure across large or difficult-to-access areas.
- Agriculture: Longer-range operations supporting crop monitoring and land management.
- Emergency services: Applications such as search and rescue, bushfire monitoring and disaster response.
Conclusion
BVLOS operations involve additional risks and therefore require careful planning, appropriate training and CASA approval. Holding relevant qualifications does not automatically authorise BVLOS flight, with approval dependent on the specific operation and applicable requirements.
For organisations looking to use BVLOS technology, understanding the regulatory requirements and developing appropriate safety procedures is essential for conducting advanced drone operations safely and compliantly.
Frequently Asked Questions
What does BVLOS mean?
BVLOS stands for Beyond Visual Line of Sight. It describes drone operations where the remote pilot cannot maintain direct visual contact with the aircraft, relying instead on systems such as onboard cameras, sensors and communications.
Do I need CASA approval for BVLOS operations?
Yes. BVLOS operations require the appropriate CASA approval before flight. CASA assesses the proposed operation, including the risks involved and the safety measures in place.
Does completing a BVLOS course authorise me to fly BVLOS?
No. Completing BVLOS training or assessment demonstrates knowledge and skills, but it does not itself provide CASA approval to conduct BVLOS flights.
What qualifications should I have before pursuing BVLOS?
Many professional pilots begin with a Remote Pilot Licence, plus an Aeronautical Radio Operator Certificate where aviation radio communication is necessary for the operation. An ReOC may also be required depending on the operation.
